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The standard for automotive electronic overlay AC voltage has been adjusted. Do not step on these misconceptions

Author.

LCS

Source:

Post time:

2025-12-23

The latest version of ISO 16750-2 "Superposed alternative voltage" test method is ISO 16750-2:2023 (5th edition). Compared to the widely known 2012 version, the 2023 version has undergone significant updates to this test. The most significant change is to adapt to the development of new energy vehicles by significantly expanding the frequency range and introducing closed-loop control testing methods.

01

Test purpose and background changes


2023 version: In addition to traditional generator ripple, high-frequency ripple generated by analog DC/DC converters has been added. This is mainly because high-voltage to low-voltage DC/DC converters are widely used in new energy vehicles, and their switching frequency is much higher than that of traditional generators

2012 version: Simulating residual AC ripple after rectification of vehicle AC generator

02

Detailed explanation of core testing parameters

Expansion of frequency range


The 2023 version of the standard expands the frequency range to 200 kHz and divides it into two frequency bands for testing:

Low frequency range (10 Hz~30 kHz) simulation object: AC generator

Applicable severity levels: Level 1, 2, 3.

High frequency range (30 kHz~200 kHz) simulation object: DC/DC converter

Applicable severity level: Level 4 (this is a newly added level specifically designed for DC/DC ripple)

The 2012 standard frequency range is 50 Hz -25 kHz

Voltage severity level


The 2023 version of the standard defines different peak to peak voltages (Upp), depending on the system voltage (12V or 24V) and severity level:

The maximum peak to peak voltage (Upp) of the 12V system can reach 6V

The maximum peak to peak voltage (Upp) of the 24V system can reach 10V

The 2012 version is 1V, 2V, 4V

Test method: Closed loop control


2023 edition: Closed loop method

Requirement: The AC ripple voltage (Upp) on the DUT terminals must be monitored in real-time.

Control: The testing system needs to automatically adjust the output amplitude to ensure that the ripple voltage on the DUT terminals reaches the target value (Upp) set by the standard, rather than just setting the source output.

Meaning: It increases the rigor of testing, especially for devices with large input capacitors, where the power supply needs to output a larger current to maintain a ripple of 6V or 10V at the DUT end.

 

2012 Edition: Tour de France

Require the internal resistance of the signal source (50m Ω~100m Ω), set the voltage of the generator, and conduct the test. However, in actual testing, when the input impedance of the device under test (DUT) is low (in order to pass EMC testing and maintain power stability, automotive electronic products usually connect large capacity filtering capacitors in parallel at the power input port. The capacitors are open to DC power, but for AC power, the impedance of the capacitors decreases with increasing frequency), the ripple voltage actually applied to the DUT terminals will significantly decrease due to voltage division.

Sweep frequency parameters


2023 version: Logarithmic Step Mode: Reside at each point within the frequency band for ≥ 2 seconds in logarithmic steps of 2%, only tested once (no longer repeated five times in a continuous triangle loop)

2012 version: Logarithmic triangular sweep on the number axis, from 50 Hz to 25 kHz and back to 50 Hz, 120 seconds per cycle, repeated 5 times

03

Testing Implementation Suggestions and Precautions


Power amplifier upgrade: Due to the use of closed-loop control and frequencies up to 200 kHz, traditional low-frequency power supplies may not be able to meet the requirements. High bandwidth (at least 200kHz or above) bipolar power supply or dedicated ripple generator is required.

Current capability: In closed-loop mode, in order to maintain high-frequency ripple of 6V or 10V on low impedance loads, the power supply needs to have extremely strong transient current output capability.

Connection method: The inductance effect of the test harness significantly affects voltage accuracy at high frequencies (200 kHz), so voltage sampling feedback must be performed very close to the DUT connector.

The superimposed AC voltage test of ISO 16750-2:2023 is more rigorous and realistic. It no longer assumes the internal resistance of the power supply, but requires the DUT to withstand a specified ripple voltage and cover the high-frequency interference frequency band unique to new energy vehicles. Lixun Testing adopts the 3C-TEST testing system, which can currently complete the new version of superimposed AC voltage testing. Contact us immediately to obtain testing port and scheduling information.

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