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Radiation immunity test (including radar waves)

Radiation immunity mainly verifies the ability of various devices, equipment or systems to resist radiation interference under certain external radiation interference conditions.
The radiation immunity test is applicable to the electromagnetic field radiation immunity test of electrical and electronic equipment, and it specifies the experimental procedures required for the test level. It is an evaluation basis for establishing electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation interference

 

Overview

Radiation immunity testing is used to verify the ability of electrical, electronic equipment or systems to resist radiation interference under certain external radiation interference conditions. This test evaluates the anti-interference performance of the equipment in actual electromagnetic environments by simulating radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation interference.

 

Test purpose

Evaluate the anti-interference performance of electrical and electronic equipment under radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation interference.

Ensure that the equipment can withstand external radiation interference during actual use.

Identify potential failure risks of equipment in radiation interference environments.

 

Test Principle

The radiation immunity test simulates the radiation interference in the actual environment by applying a radio frequency electromagnetic field of a specific frequency and intensity to the device under test (EUT), and observes whether the device experiences performance degradation or malfunction.

 

Test Standard

IEC 61000-4-3: Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Radiated Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test.

EN 55024: Information technology equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and measurement methods.

 

test frequency

Typical frequency range: 80 MHz~6 GHz.

Focus on frequency bands:

80 MHz~1 GHz: Low frequency band, mainly from radio, television signals, etc.

1 GHz~6 GHz: High frequency band, mainly from wireless communication, radar signals, etc.

 

test equipment

Signal generator:

Used to generate radio frequency signals of specific frequency and intensity.

Power amplifier:

Used to amplify the output signal of the signal generator.

Transmitting antenna:

Used to generate radio frequency electromagnetic fields.

Field strength probe:

Used to measure the strength of radio frequency electromagnetic fields to ensure the accuracy of testing conditions.

Receiver or spectrum analyzer:

Used to monitor the frequency and intensity of RF signals.

Control software:

Used to set test parameters such as frequency, intensity, and duration.

Shielded room or anechoic chamber:

Provide a testing environment without external interference.

 

Test steps

Preparation:

Install the device under test (EUT) on the test bench and connect all necessary cables and power sources.

Ensure that the equipment is in normal working condition.

Set up testing environment:

Install signal generators, power amplifiers, transmitting antennas, and field strength probes in shielded rooms or anechoic chambers.

Calibrate the transmitting antenna to ensure that the strength of the RF electromagnetic field meets the testing requirements.

Conduct testing:

Start the tested device and put it in typical working mode.

Use a signal generator and power amplifier to generate radio frequency signals of specific frequency and intensity.

Apply a radio frequency electromagnetic field to the device under test through a transmitting antenna.

Observe the performance changes of the equipment and record any abnormalities or malfunctions.

data analysis

Analyze test data and evaluate the anti-interference performance of the equipment.

Determine whether the equipment is qualified according to the standard limit.

 

test conditions

Field strength: usually ranging from 1 V/m to 30 V/m, depending on the testing standards and application scenarios.

Test frequency: 80 MHz~6 GHz.

Testing time: Each frequency point lasts for several seconds to minutes, depending on the testing standards.

 

Precautions

Test environment: Ensure that there is no external interference in the shielded room or anechoic chamber.

Equipment status: Ensure that the tested equipment is in a typical working state, covering all possible working modes.

Antenna calibration: Regularly calibrate the transmitting antenna and field strength probe to ensure the accuracy of testing conditions.

Safety protection: During the testing process, attention should be paid to the potential impact of high-frequency electromagnetic fields on the human body and necessary protective measures should be taken.

 

Common problems and solutions

Equipment performance degradation:

Reason: Unreasonable circuit design, insufficient shielding, inadequate filtering, etc.

Solution: Optimize circuit design, add shielding measures, and use filters.

The test results are unstable:

Reason: External interference, unstable device operation status.

Solution: Test in a shielded environment to ensure consistent device operation.

 

Application field

Consumer electronics: mobile phones, computers, household appliances, etc.

Automotive electronics: in car entertainment systems, engine control units (ECUs), sensors, etc.

Industrial electronics: industrial controllers, motor drivers, etc.

Medical equipment: Anti radiation interference performance testing of medical electronic devices.

 

Conclusion

Radiation immunity testing is an important means of evaluating the immunity performance of electrical and electronic equipment under radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation interference environment. By simulating radiation interference in actual environments, potential risks of equipment in actual working environments can be identified and necessary improvement measures can be taken. During the testing process, attention should be paid to the testing environment, equipment status, and antenna calibration to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

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