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Vicat softening temperature
Measure the temperature when a standard pressure needle is inserted into a thermoplastic at a depth of 1mm under a certain load condition while heating at a constant speed
Test purpose
Evaluate the softening performance of thermoplastic materials under heat and load conditions, and determine the Vicat softening temperature (VST) by measuring the temperature at which a standard indenter needle is inserted into the specimen 1mm deep.
Test Standard
According to the standard:
ISO 306: Determination of Vicat softening temperature of plastics
ASTM D1525: Determination of Vicat softening temperature of plastics
GB/T 1633: Determination of Vicat softening temperature of thermoplastic materials
Test Principle
Under constant load and uniform heating conditions, measure the temperature at which a standard pressure needle penetrates a thermoplastic specimen 1mm deep, which is the Vicat softening temperature.
test equipment
Vicat softening temperature testing machine
Standard pressure needle (cross-sectional area of 1mm ²)
Load device (weight or mechanical loading system)
Temperature control system
Deformation measuring device (micrometer or displacement sensor)
Sample holder
Test steps
Sample preparation:
Prepare standard specimens with dimensions that meet the testing requirements (typically 10mm x 10mm x 4mm).
Record the initial state of the sample (taking photos, measuring dimensions, etc.).
Test condition settings:
Load: Set according to demand (usually 10N or 50N).
Heating rate: set according to standards (usually 50 ℃/h or 120 ℃/h).
Needle depth: 1mm.
Test Run:
Place the sample on the sample holder to ensure a smooth surface.
Apply the specified load to ensure that the standard pressure needle contacts the surface of the specimen.
Activate the temperature control system to heat the sample at the specified heating rate.
Real time monitoring of needle depth until the needle penetrates 1mm deep into the sample.
Test completed:
Record the temperature at which the needle penetrates 1mm deep into the sample, which is the Vicat softening temperature (VST).
Stop heating and remove the sample.
Result evaluation:
Record the Vicat softening temperature (VST).
Check the deformation of the sample (such as indentation, cracks, etc.).
Precautions
Ensure accurate load application and avoid bias affecting test results.
The heating rate needs to be strictly controlled to avoid being too fast or too slow.
The sample should be placed horizontally to avoid uneven stress.
Test Record
Record the testing conditions (load, heating rate, needle depth, etc.).
Record the initial state of the sample (taking photos, measuring dimensions, etc.).
Record the Vicat softening temperature (VST) and deformation of the specimen.
Conclusion
Based on the test results, evaluate the softening performance of thermoplastic and issue a test report. Through this test, important basis can be provided for material selection, product design, and process improvement, ensuring the reliability of the product in high temperature environments.
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