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Charge holding capacity test
Test the capacity of a fully charged battery after prolonged storage
Charge retention capability testing is an important testing method for evaluating the remaining capacity of a battery after being fully charged and left for a long period of time (such as 28 days, 90 days, etc.). This test is widely used in lithium-ion batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc. to evaluate the self discharge characteristics and long-term storage performance of batteries. The following is the detailed content of the charge retention capability test:
1. Test purpose
Evaluate the capacity retention ability of the battery after prolonged storage.
Determine the self discharge rate of the battery and evaluate its long-term storage performance.
Verify whether the battery meets relevant standards and requirements.
2. Testing principle
By fully charging the battery, placing it under specified environmental conditions for a certain period of time, and then measuring its remaining capacity, the capacity retention rate (remaining capacity/initial capacity) is calculated.
3. Testing methods
(1) Determine test parameters
Initial Capacity Test:
Fully charge the battery, then discharge it to the cut-off voltage with the specified discharge current, and record the initial capacity (C_initial).
Placement conditions:
Temperature: usually 25 ° C or 40 ° C.
Humidity: determined according to standard requirements (such as relative humidity ≤ 65%).
Placement time: usually 28 days, 90 days, or determined according to standard requirements.
Remaining capacity test:
After placement, discharge to the cut-off voltage with the specified discharge current and record the remaining capacity (C_remaining).
(2) Calculate capacity retention rate
Capacity retention rate (%)=(C_retaining/C_initial) × 100%.
Determine whether the battery's charge retention capacity is qualified according to relevant standards (such as ≥ 80%).
(3) Calculation of self discharge rate
4. Testing standards
International standards:
IEC 61960 (Performance testing of lithium-ion batteries).
IEC 62133 (Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary batteries).
Industry standards:
GB/T 18287 (Performance Testing of Lithium ion Batteries, China).
JIS C 8712 (Performance Testing of Nickel Hydrogen Batteries, Japan).
5. Testing equipment
Battery charge and discharge tester: used for charge and discharge testing and capacity measurement.
Constant temperature and humidity chamber: used to control the testing environment conditions.
Data logger: used to record voltage, current, temperature and other data during the testing process.
6. Data analysis and evaluation
Capacity retention rate: Evaluating the capacity retention ability of a battery after prolonged storage.
Self discharge rate: Evaluate the self discharge characteristics of the battery to ensure that it meets the standard requirements.
Temperature impact: Evaluate the battery's charge retention ability at different temperatures.
7. Common problems and solutions
Low capacity retention rate: It may be a problem with battery materials or processes, and battery materials or production processes need to be optimized.
High self discharge rate: It may be due to internal short circuits or electrolyte problems in the battery, and the internal structure of the battery needs to be checked or the electrolyte needs to be replaced.
The temperature has a significant impact: it may be due to insufficient thermal stability of the battery material, and material improvement or additional thermal management measures are needed.
8. Application scenarios
Battery testing for consumer electronics products such as mobile phones, laptops, and tablets.
Electric tools: such as battery testing for electric drills and chainsaws.
Electric vehicles: such as testing of electric vehicle power batteries.
Energy storage system: such as testing of solar energy storage batteries.
9. Test report
Test conditions: including initial capacity, placement conditions, placement time, etc.
Test results: including remaining capacity, capacity retention rate, self discharge rate, etc.
Conclusion and Suggestions: Evaluate whether the sample meets the relevant standards and propose improvement suggestions.
By conducting a charge retention capability test, the long-term storage performance of the battery can be comprehensively evaluated, ensuring that it can meet the capacity retention requirements in actual use and extend the battery's service life.
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Testing/year
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