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Voltage withstand test
According to GB/T 17627.1 (IEC 61180-1), after disconnecting the power supply of the appliance, the insulation of the appliance shall immediately withstand a voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz for 1 minute. The high-voltage power supply used for this test shall be able to provide a short-circuit current Is between the output terminals after adjusting its output voltage to the corresponding test voltage. The overload release device of the circuit shall not operate for any current lower than the tripping current Ir.
Voltage withstand test (also known as electrical strength test) is a key item in electrical safety testing, aiming to verify the insulation material's ability to withstand high voltage and ensure that it will not experience breakdown or flashover in practical use. The following are the key points of withstand voltage testing:
1. Test purpose
Evaluate the withstand voltage performance of insulation materials for appliances under high voltage.
Ensure that the appliance will not cause electric shock or electrical failure due to insulation failure during normal operation or abnormal conditions.
2. Testing standards
The withstand voltage test is conducted according to the following standards:
GB/T 17627.1 (equivalent to IEC 61180-1): High voltage test methods for low-voltage electrical equipment.
IEC 60335-1: Safety requirements for household and similar electrical appliances.
The specific standards may vary depending on the product type and application field.
3. Testing methods
Test voltage:
The test voltage is determined based on the rated voltage and insulation type of the appliance (such as basic insulation, additional insulation, or reinforced insulation).
The common testing voltage range is 1000V to 3000V (AC voltage, frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz).
Test time:
The test duration is 1 minute.
Test steps:
Disconnect the power supply of the appliance and ensure that it is in a non working state.
Connect the output terminal of the high-voltage power supply between the live parts and accessible metal parts of the appliance.
Apply the specified test voltage for 1 minute.
Observe whether breakdown or flashover occurs.
4. Requirements for High Voltage Power Supply
Short circuit current (Is):
The high-voltage power supply should be able to provide a short-circuit current (Is) between the output terminals to ensure the stability of the test voltage.
Overload release device:
The overload release device of the circuit does not operate for any current below the tripping current (Ir) to avoid false triggering.
5. Qualification assessment
During the testing period, the insulation material of the equipment should not experience breakdown or flashover.
If the test passes (i.e. no breakdown or flashover occurs), it is judged as qualified.
6. Influencing factors
Quality of insulation material: The quality and thickness of insulation material directly affect the voltage resistance performance.
Environmental conditions: Humidity, temperature, and other environmental conditions may affect the test results.
Test voltage accuracy: The accuracy and stability of the test voltage are crucial to the test results.
7. Precautions
Before testing, ensure that the equipment is in a non working state and disconnect the power supply.
The testing instrument should have sufficient accuracy and range.
The testing environment should meet the standard requirements (such as humidity, temperature, etc.).
The test results should be comprehensively evaluated based on specific application scenarios.
Summary: Voltage withstand testing is an important means of ensuring the reliability of insulation materials for appliances under high voltage. By applying a specified high voltage for a certain period of time, it verifies whether the insulation material can withstand voltage stress under normal operation or abnormal conditions, thereby avoiding electric shock or electrical failure.
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