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Mechanical shock
Fix the fully charged battery on the impact table and conduct a half sine pulse impact test. In the first 3ms, the minimum average acceleration is 75gn, the peak acceleration is 150gn ± 25gn, and the pulse duration is 6ms ± 1ms. The battery undergoes three acceleration impact tests in each direction.
Mechanical impact testing is an important testing method for evaluating the safety and structural integrity of batteries under mechanical impact. By simulating the impact situations that batteries may encounter during transportation or use, detect whether the battery may experience dangerous situations such as fire, explosion, and leakage. The following is the detailed content of mechanical impact testing:
1. Test purpose
Assess the safety and structural integrity of batteries when subjected to mechanical impacts.
Ensure that the battery does not experience dangerous situations such as fire, explosion, or leakage when impacted.
Verify whether the battery meets relevant safety standards and requirements.
2. Testing principle
By fixing the battery on the impact table and applying a half sine pulse impact, simulate the mechanical impact that the battery may encounter in actual use, and test the appearance, structural integrity, and safety of the battery.
3. Testing methods
(1) Test preparation
Fully charge the battery according to standard methods.
Prepare the impact table and acceleration measurement equipment.
(2) Mechanical impact testing
Fix the battery on the impact table.
Conduct a half sine pulse impact test with the following parameters:
In the first 3ms, the minimum average acceleration is 75gn.
The peak acceleration is 150gn ± 25gn.
The pulse duration is 6ms ± 1ms.
Perform three acceleration impact tests in each direction (usually three mutually perpendicular directions).
(3) Check after testing
Check the appearance of the battery for damage, deformation, leakage, and other phenomena.
Observe whether there are any dangerous situations such as fire or explosion in the battery.
Measure the voltage and internal resistance of the battery to evaluate whether its electrical performance is normal.
4. Testing standards
International standards:
IEC 62133 (Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary batteries).
UN 38.3 (Safety testing for transportation of lithium batteries).
Industry standards:
GB 31241 (Safety Requirements for Lithium ion Batteries for Portable Electronic Products, China).
UL 1642 (Lithium Battery Safety Standard, USA).
5. Testing equipment
Impact table: used for applying half sine pulse impact.
Acceleration measurement equipment: used for precise control of impact parameters.
Voltage and internal resistance tester: used to measure the electrical performance of batteries.
Infrared thermal imaging device: used to monitor the temperature changes of batteries during impact testing.
6. Data analysis and evaluation
Appearance inspection: Record whether the battery is damaged, deformed, leaking, etc.
Safety assessment: Observe whether the battery has any dangerous situations such as fire or explosion.
Electrical performance: Measure the voltage and internal resistance of the battery to evaluate whether its electrical performance is normal.
7. Common problems and solutions
Battery damage: It may be due to insufficient strength of the casing material, and a higher strength material needs to be replaced.
Leakage: It may be due to insufficient battery sealing, and the sealing design of the battery needs to be improved.
Fire or explosion: It may be due to internal short circuit or material failure of the battery, and the battery design and production process need to be optimized.
8. Application scenarios
Battery testing for consumer electronics products such as mobile phones, laptops, and tablets.
Electric tools: such as battery testing for electric drills and chainsaws.
Electric vehicles: such as testing of electric vehicle power batteries.
Energy storage system: such as testing of solar energy storage batteries.
9. Test report
Test conditions: including impact parameters, impact direction, impact frequency, etc.
Test results: including appearance inspection results, safety assessment, electrical performance, etc.
Conclusion and Suggestions: Evaluate whether the sample meets the relevant standards and propose improvement suggestions.
Through mechanical impact testing, the safety and structural integrity of batteries under mechanical impact can be comprehensively evaluated, ensuring that they can meet safety requirements in practical use and providing scientific basis for battery design and optimization.
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