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Mechanical shock

This experiment is used to expose mechanical weak links and/or cumulative damage and degradation caused by performance degradation and impact, and to use this data combined with relevant specifications to determine whether the sample can be accepted.

 

Mechanical impact test is a testing method used to evaluate the mechanical strength and reliability of equipment when subjected to sudden impacts or vibrations. This test aims to expose mechanical weaknesses, performance degradation, and cumulative damage and degradation caused by impact in the equipment, providing a basis for design improvement and quality control. The following are the key elements and steps of mechanical impact testing:

 

1. Test objectives
Mechanical strength: Evaluating the structural integrity of equipment under impact conditions.

Performance reliability: Check whether the equipment functions properly after impact.

Accumulated damage: Evaluate the performance degradation and damage of equipment after multiple impacts.

 

2. Testing conditions
Shock waveform: Common waveforms include half sine wave, trapezoidal wave, and back peak sawtooth wave.

Impact acceleration: determined according to device type and application scenario (such as 50g, 100g, 200g).

Impact duration: typically ranging from a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds (such as 6ms, 11ms).

Impact direction: The equipment needs to withstand impacts from different directions (such as X, Y, Z axes) to ensure comprehensive evaluation.

Impact frequency: Typically, multiple impacts (such as 3 or 5) are conducted to evaluate the durability of the equipment.

Environmental conditions: Test under standard conditions (such as temperature of 25 ° C and humidity of 50%), or simulate extreme environments for additional testing.

 

3. Testing equipment
Impact testing machine: It can accurately control the impact waveform, acceleration, and duration.

Acceleration sensor: measures the acceleration during impact and evaluates the impact strength.

High speed camera: Record the impact process and analyze the device's response under the impact.

Data logger: records acceleration, displacement, and other data during the impact process.

 

4. Testing steps
prepare

Determine the impact waveform, acceleration, duration, and direction.

Check the appearance and function of the equipment, and record the initial state.

Fixed equipment:

Fix the device on the impact testing machine to ensure good contact with the impact table.

Apply impact:

Start the impact testing machine and apply impact according to the set parameters.

Check the appearance and function of the equipment after each impact.

Repeated testing:

Repeat the impact multiple times (such as 3 or 5 times) and record the state after each impact.

Data analysis:

Evaluate the impact resistance performance of the equipment based on impact data and inspection results.

Judgment:

Confirm whether the equipment meets the requirements of structural integrity and functional reliability.

 

5. Judgment criteria
Appearance inspection: There is no obvious damage (such as cracks or deformation) on the appearance of the equipment.

Function check: The device is functioning properly and there is no performance degradation or failure.

Structural inspection: There is no looseness, detachment, or damage to the internal components.

 

6. Improvement measures
Material optimization: Choose materials with higher strength (such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber).

Structural design: Add reinforcement bars, buffer zones, or shock-absorbing design.

Internal fixation: Ensure that internal components (such as circuit boards, batteries) are securely fixed.

Protective design: Adopting modular design to reduce the impact on internal components.

 

7. Common standards
IEC 60068-2-27: Mechanical impulse testing standard for electronic equipment.

MIL-STD-810G: Standard for Impact Testing of Military Equipment.

GB/T 2423.5: Chinese standard for mechanical impact testing of electronic equipment.

ASTM D3332: Standard for Impact Testing of Packaging Materials.

 

8. Precautions
Test safety: Ensure that there are no personnel in the impact area to avoid accidental injuries.

Environmental control: Avoid testing in high humidity or high pollution environments.

Multiple tests: Ensure that the device can still function properly after multiple impacts.

User scenario: Simulate the impact situation in actual use (such as transportation, falling, collision).

Through mechanical impact testing, the structural integrity and functional reliability of equipment can be evaluated after being impacted, exposing mechanical weaknesses and performance degradation, providing a basis for design improvement and quality control, ensuring that the equipment can withstand impacts and maintain normal operation in actual use.

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