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Transient conduction anti-interference test
ISO7637-2 Part 2: Transient Conducted Interference on Power Lines, this standard specifies the measurement methods for transient voltage emission on power lines of vehicle electronic and electrical equipment, as well as the equipment's resistance to transient interference. The anti-interference performance of the EUT power line is mainly tested by injecting 8 typical waveforms of test pulses 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, and 5b into the power line through transmission;
Test purpose
Evaluate the immunity performance of vehicle electronic and electrical equipment to transient voltage emissions on power lines.
Ensure that the equipment can withstand transient interference on the power line in the actual working environment.
Identify potential failure risks of equipment in transient interference environments.
Test waveform
ISO 7637-2 defines 8 typical waveforms of test pulses for simulating transient disturbances that may occur in vehicle power systems:
Pulse 1:
Simulation scenario: Negative transient voltage generated when the power system is disconnected from the inductive load.
Characteristics: Negative pulse, high amplitude, short duration.
Pulse 2a:
Simulation scenario: The forward transient voltage generated when the power system is disconnected from the inductive load.
Characteristics: Positive pulse, high amplitude, short duration.
Pulse 2b:
Simulation scenario: The forward transient voltage generated when the power system is disconnected from the inductive load (similar to 2a, but with a different waveform).
Characteristics: Positive pulse, high amplitude, short duration.
Pulse 3a:
Simulation scenario: Negative transient voltage caused by switch action in power system.
Characteristics: Negative pulse, low amplitude, long duration.
Pulse 3b:
Simulation scenario: Negative transient voltage caused by switch action in the power system (similar to 3a, but with a different waveform).
Characteristics: Negative pulse, low amplitude, long duration.
Pulse 4:
Simulation scenario: The forward transient voltage generated when starting the motor in the power system.
Characteristics: Positive pulse, high amplitude, long duration.
Pulse 5a:
Simulation scenario: Forward transient voltage caused by sudden load drop in the power system.
Characteristics: Positive pulse, high amplitude, short duration.
Pulse 5b:
Simulation scenario: Forward transient voltage caused by sudden load drop in the power system (similar to 5a, but with a different waveform).
Characteristics: Positive pulse, high amplitude, short duration.
test equipment
Transient pulse generator:
Used to generate transient pulse waveforms that comply with ISO 7637-2 standard.
Coupling/Decoupling Network (CDN):
Used to inject transient pulses into the power line of the device under test while isolating power interference.
Oscilloscope:
Used to monitor the waveform and amplitude of transient pulses.
Power Supply:
Used to provide normal operating voltage for the tested equipment.
Shielding room or test bench:
Provide a testing environment without external interference.
Test steps
Preparation:
Install the device under test (EUT) on the test bench and connect the power and signal lines.
Ensure that the equipment is in normal working condition.
Set up testing environment:
Install transient pulse generators, coupling/decoupling networks, and oscilloscopes in shielded rooms or test benches.
Calibrate the testing equipment to ensure that the waveform and amplitude of transient pulses meet the standard requirements.
Conduct testing:
Start the tested device and put it in typical working mode.
Generate transient pulses with 8 typical waveforms using a transient pulse generator.
Inject transient pulses into the power line of the device under test through a coupling/decoupling network.
Observe the performance changes of the equipment and record any abnormalities or malfunctions.
data analysis
Analyze test data and evaluate the anti-interference performance of the equipment.
Determine whether the equipment is qualified according to the standard limit.
test conditions
Transient pulse waveform: 8 typical waveforms (pulse 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, 5b).
Test voltage: usually 12 V or 24 V, depending on the vehicle power system.
Testing time: Each pulse lasts for several seconds to minutes, depending on the testing standard.
Precautions
Test environment: Ensure that there is no external interference in the shielded room or test bench.
Equipment status: Ensure that the tested equipment is in a typical working state, covering all possible working modes.
Pulse calibration: Regularly calibrate the transient pulse generator to ensure that the pulse waveform and amplitude meet the standard requirements.
Safety protection: During the testing process, attention should be paid to the potential impact of high-voltage transient pulses on the human body and necessary protective measures should be taken.
Common problems and solutions
Equipment performance degradation:
Reason: Unreasonable power supply design, insufficient filtering, inadequate protection circuit, etc.
Solution: Optimize power supply design, add filtering measures, and enhance protection circuits.
The test results are unstable:
Reason: External interference, unstable device operation status.
Solution: Test in a shielded environment to ensure consistent device operation.
Application field
Automotive electronics: in car entertainment systems, engine control units (ECUs), sensors, etc.
Industrial electronics: industrial controllers, motor drivers, etc.
New energy: electric vehicle charging system, battery management system, etc.
Conclusion
The testing of ISO 7637-2 Part 2 is an important means of evaluating the immunity performance of vehicle electronic and electrical equipment to transient voltage emissions on power lines. By simulating transient interference in actual environments, potential risks of equipment in actual working environments can be identified and necessary improvement measures can be taken. During the testing process, attention should be paid to the testing environment, equipment status, and pulse calibration to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
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