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Why do we need to do UV aging?
Author.
LCS
Source:
Post time:
2024-03-26
Why do we need to do UV aging?
Climate and sunlight exposure are the main causes of damage to coatings, plastics, inks, and other polymer materials, including loss of gloss, fading, yellowing, cracking, peeling, embrittlement, decreased strength, and delamination. Due to the dual effects of thermal radiation and photochemical effects of solar radiation, high-temperature testing cannot replace light aging testing, and pure ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation cannot replace solar radiation testing.
Introduction to UV Aging Test
UV aging belongs to sunlight irradiation aging, which is the abbreviation of Ultraviolet (UV). It is usually used to evaluate the rate of product aging under UV radiation. Sunshine irradiation aging is the main aging damage to outdoor materials, and for indoor materials, it can also be caused by a certain degree of sunlight irradiation aging or UV radiation in artificial light sources (such as UV lamps, UV bands in fluorescent lamps, etc.). UV radiation includes the visible and ultraviolet parts of the solar spectrum. Ultraviolet light is divided into A-rays, B-rays, and C-rays (referred to as UVA, UVB, and UVC), with wavelength ranges of 400-315nm, 315-280nm, and 280-190nm, respectively. According to the relevant standards for UV aging, UV (ultraviolet) cannot simulate full spectrum sunlight. Its principle is that for durable materials exposed outdoors, the short wavelength of ultraviolet radiation (300-400nm) is the main cause of aging damage. In the shortwave region of ultraviolet radiation, from 365nm to the lowest wavelength of sunlight, UV fluorescent lamps can simulate sunlight very well.
Mode of UV aging test
The UV aging test can set up three aging modes: illumination, condensation, and spray.
one
The lighting stage simulates the daytime lighting length (usually between 0.35W/㎡ and 1.35W/㎡, with a summer noon sunlight intensity of about 0.55W/㎡) and experimental temperature (50 ℃ to 85 ℃) in a natural environment, in order to simulate various usage environments of the product and meet the testing requirements of different regions and industries.
two
The condensation stage simulates the phenomenon of fogging on the surface of the sample at night. During the condensation stage, the fluorescent ultraviolet lamp is turned off (in a dark state), and only the test temperature (40-60 ℃) is controlled. The surface humidity of the sample is 95-100% RH.
three
The spraying stage simulates the process of rain by continuously spraying water onto the surface of the sample. Due to the much harsher conditions of artificial UV accelerated aging tests compared to natural environments, it is possible to simulate and reproduce aging damage that only occurs in natural environments for a few days or weeks. According to the different spectral distributions, fluorescent ultraviolet tubes can be divided into UVA and UVB tubes. UVA tubes emit less than 2% of the total output energy below 300nm, while UVB tubes emit more than 10% of the total output energy below 300nm.
Introduction to UV aging lamp tubes
UVA-340: It is mainly used to simulate the medium to short wavelength range of the ultraviolet part of sunlight, and is generally used for outdoor product photoaging tests.
UVA-351: It is mainly used to simulate the medium to short wavelength range of the ultraviolet part of sunlight filtered through window glass, and is generally used for indoor products.
UVB-313: They emit a considerable amount of radiation below 300nm, which is the nominal cutoff wavelength for solar radiation. This will trigger some aging phenomena that do not occur outdoors. We do not recommend using this type of lamp to simulate sunlight. This type of test is mainly used to accelerate the durability testing of materials, as a qualitative comparison between two or more materials.
The irradiation intensity of UVA-340 lamp tube is as follows (reference):
0.69w/m ^ 2 @ 340nm is equivalent to summer noon sunlight, achieving rapid results;
1.38w/m ^ 2 @ 340nm is equivalent to the maximum value of the sun, achieving fast results;
0.35w/m ^ 2 @ 340nm is equivalent to sunlight in March/September, suitable for regular testing or low UV intensity testing.
What are the common reference standards for UV aging?
GB/T 16422.3 Plastics Laboratory Light Source Exposure Test Methods Part 3: Fluorescent UV Lamp
ISO 4892-3 Plastics Laboratory Light Source Exposure Methods Part 3: Fluorescent UV Lamp
ASTM 154 Standard Operating Procedure for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet Lamp Devices for Exposure of Non metallic Materials
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